How does a pre-action fire sprinkler system activate?

The pre-action fire sprinkler system is designed to provide an additional layer of protection before water is released, which differentiates it from other sprinkler systems. It activates through a two-step process, ensuring that the sprinkler system is only engaged after a genuine fire condition is confirmed. Initially, the detection system, often using heat or smoke sensors, identifies a potential fire. Upon activation of these detection devices, the pre-action valve opens, allowing water to fill the pipes. However, water is only released from the sprinkler heads when the heat of a fire reaches a specific threshold or when one of the sprinkler heads is activated due to extreme temperatures.

This dual-action is significant as it reduces the likelihood of accidental water discharge caused by false alarms, unlike systems that respond solely on the activation of a fire alarm or smoke detection without needing further confirmation. Therefore, this method enhances the system's reliability in protecting property and minimizing water damage.